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Port Arthur, Tasmania : Port Arthur penal station was established in 1830 as a timber-getting camp, producing sawn logs for government projects. After 1833 it became a punishment station for repeat offenders from all the Australian colonies. It also managed a number of outstations that produced raw materials like timber and food. By 1840 over 2000 convicts, soldiers and civil staff lived here. It had become a major industrial settlement. When the probation system was introduced in 1841, many convicts were sent to outstations around the peninsula to work in timber-getting and agriculture. Port Arthur became a punishment station for serious offenders. Transportation to Van Diemen's land ended in 1853 and Port Arthur began to enter its welfare phase. The penal settlement finally closed in 1877 after about 12000 sentences had been served here. Many of the settlement's buildings were pulled down or gutted by fire.

Port Arthur, Tasmania

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